COMPARING SHOES
When comparing two different shoes you should know that, despite their external differences, the inner shape is the key element when it comes to fitting.
See below a comparison between two Wholecut shoes as an example, both with the same size (42 EU).
The one on the left is made using the Zurigo Last (rounded toe) and the other one uses the Monti, Savile, and Belgravia Last (long chisel toe).
As you can see, the long and narrow toe shape of the Monti last generates a larger blind / unused space at the toe. How much space you have in front of the toe varies depending on the type of shoe and its toe shape.
That is why, even though the shoe on the right is 1 cm longer (total length measured from the heel to the tip of the toe) both shoes are effectively the same size.
Admittedly, there's no point in comparing the fitting of two different shoes only based on their total length.